Population genetics instead focuses on the overall gene pool in a population of interbreeding organisms that is. In a diploid organism that has gene a gene loci that each contain one of two alleles for a. In a certain group of african people, 4 percent are born with sickle cell anemia. Population genetics, selection, and evolution published april 2012 revised october 20.
The hardyweinberg equationscan be applied to estimate the frequencies of specified alleles within a population at any given time. Ap biology lab 8 population genetics and evolution pdf. This lab will allow for the exploration of the hardyweinberg law of genetic equilibrium in depth by studying the relationship between evolution and changes in allele frequencies in a sample population, the class. In this evolution worksheet, students will answer questions about population genetics and the theory of evolution of species. Weinberg developed a theory that evolution could be described as a change of the frequency of. Continue reading lab 8 ap sample population genetics.
Weinberg suggested a scheme whereby evolution could be viewed as changes in frequency of alleles in a population of organisms. Estimating allele frequencies for a specific trait within a sample population using the class as a sample population, the allele frequency of a gene controlling the ability to taste the chemical ptc phenylthiocarbamide could be estimated. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Notice that population genetics is really just an extension of mendelian genetics. Teddy grahams may have changed from hands uphands down varietiescheck current styles and modify names in lab accordingly. Conditions for maintaining hardyweinberg equilibrium. Molecular biology paul andersen explains the two major portions of the molecular biology lab in ap biology. Virtual population lab 1 of 3 virtual population lab lab directions this lab activity is a virtual lab, meaning you will conduct all of it online. They used the letter p to represent and a allele and the letter q to represent the a allele. Laboratory 8 student guide 8 in this activity, you will learn about the hardyweinberg law of genetic equilibrium study the relationship between evolution and changes in allele frequency by using your class as a sample population before beginning this laboratory, you should understand.
This model is an agentbased population genetics simulation. There is a great lab in the lab manual to accompany starr and taggart a great text, by the way that involves using colored beads to find gene. View lab report lab 8, population genetics and evolution from biology 1407 at harlingen h s south. In this scheme, if a and a are alleles for a particular gene locus and each diploid individual.
Weinberg developed a theory that evolution could be described as a change of the frequency of alleles in an entire population. A few months ago there was a discussion in our group about a great genetics lab that used teddy. We were given genotypes that we split up into cards we all started as aa and had two a cards and two a cards, and then we mated with people, and we shuffled our cards and put down two randomly. The program contains the tools to conduct virtual experiments violating all the assumptions of hardyweinberg theory small population, selection, mutation, migration, and nonrandom mating. Ap lab 8 population genetics and evolution introduction. Ap biology lab eight population genetics evolution answers author. Most genetics research focuses on the structure of genes on chromosomes, the function of genes, and the process of genetic transmission from parent to offspring.
Laboratory 8 population genetics and evolution 2 hhs a. The population as the basic unit of evolution population evolves because the frequency of its features changes. Product highlights examine the genetics of a population and consider how allelic frequencies can provide evidence about the evolution of species connected to unit 7. Each student will choose another student at random to simulate random mating, the class is a population of randomly mating heterozygous individuals with an. Hardy weinberg believed that evolution occurs because the frequency of alleles changes.
The concept of describing frequencies of inherited traits owes its origin to scientific works published at the beginning of the 20th century. In a diploid organism that has gene a gene loci that each contain one of two alleles for a single trait t the frequency of continue reading lab 8 sample2 ap population genetics. Weinberg both came up with the idea that evolution could be viewed as changes in the frequency of alleles in a population. Population genetics and evolution objectives required knowledge background expectations. Hardyweinberg equilibrium addresses content in enduring understanding evo1. When everyone has finished this part of the lab, your lab instructor may decide to have all of you get together to discuss the answers to these questions. Biology lab 8 population genetics and evolution by mrs. How genetic drift, selection and the heterozygote advantage affect hardy weinberg equilibrium. Lab eight population genetics and evolution answers author. Data collection for the class is best performed by asking for a show of hands.
A few months ago there was a discussion in our group about a great genetics lab that used teddy graham crackersthanks to some help from nsta, i found the lab. Apbiology population genetics and evolution zygosity. Andersen explains hardyweinberg equilibrium and describes the bead lab. Weinberg independently proposed that the frequency of alleles and genotypes in a population will remain constant from generation to generation if the population is stable and in genetic equilibrium. For exercises 8b, 8c, and 8d and optional exercise 8e, draw table 8. The hardyweinberg law of genetic equilibrium provides a mathematical model for studying evolutionary changes in allelic frequency within a population. This is a lab constructed by the college board and is part of the twelve labs all ap bio students do. Lab eight population genetics and evolution answers. The hardyweinberg law of genetic equilibrium provides a mathematical model for. Genetic traits are determined by genes, or small segments of dna carried on chromosomes that determine physical characteristics. Population genetics is the study of allele frequency distribution and change under the influence of the four main evolutionary processes.
Apbiology population genetics and evolution free download as word doc. Lecture notes in population genetics holsinger lab. Lab 8, population genetics and evolution monika guerra. Read online lab 8 ap biology answers lab 8 ap biology answers ap biology lab 8. Choose from 500 different sets of quiz biology population genetics evolution flashcards on quizlet. Lab 8 genetics natalie cook ap biology population genetics. This worksheet has 15 true or false, 6 fill in the blank, and 4 short answer questions. The changing frequencies of genes in the population in response to the environment is a dramatic demonstration of natural selection at work and provides a good introduction to this major mechanism of evolution. In this investigation, students will be able to demonstrate how natural selection can alter allelic frequencies in a population and use the hardyweinberg equation to. Population genetics and evolution youmust know the hardyweinberg equation and be able to use it to determine the fre quency of alleles in a population. In this scheme, if a and a are alleles for a particular gene locus and each diploid individual has two such loci, then p can be designated as the frequency of the a allele and q as the frequency of the a allele. What percentage of the group has the selective advantage of being more.
Toothpick fish provides a good synthesis of basic genetic concepts with a focus on the environment and natural selection. Population genetics and evolution lab eight the purpose of population genetics and evolution is to study the effects that changing a condition has on hardyweinberg equilibrium. Population genetics and evolution adapted from the 2001 student lab manual purpose. The hardyweinberg law of genetic equilibrium provides a. Rather, progress is made in population genetics by constructing mathemati cal models of evolution, studying their behavior, and then checking whether the states of populations are compatible with this behavior. Biology in focus ch 21 the evolution of populations sparks jtcc bio 102. Mar 08, 2009 ok, so this is a little confusing, but my class did this lab using the hardyweinberg equilibrium. Population genetics and evolution association for biology. This handson activity, used in conjunction with the short film. Learn quiz biology population genetics evolution with free interactive flashcards. Monika guerra biology 1407 february 1, 2017 entire class title. The student is able to use data from mathematical models based on the hardy. Laboratory 8 student guide 8 in this activity, you will learn about the hardyweinberg law of genetic equilibrium study the relationship between evolution and changes in allele frequency by using your class as a sample population before. To use a data set that reflects a change in the genetic makeup of a population over time and to apply mathematical methods and conceptual understandings to investigate the.
Population genetics and the hardyweinberg principle. Test of an ideal hardyweinberg population the class represents a breeding population. Ok, so this is a little confusing, but my class did this lab using the hardyweinberg equilibrium. Population genetics and evolution bths virtual school. Each student will choose another student at random to simulate random mating, the class is a population of randomly mating heterozygous individuals with an initial gene frequency of p. Page 1 of 11 handson activity teacher materials the making of the fittest. Teachers manual laboratory 8 3 time requirements required knowledge expectations objectives preparation laboratory 8. Lab eight population genetics and evolution answers keywords.
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